S10 Photosafety Evaluation of Pharmaceuticals

ICH guideline S10 - Guidance on photosafety evaluation of pharmaceuticals - Step 3

Phototoxicity – from molecular descriptors to classification models

Potential photoactivation of certain pharmaceuticals, cosmetic ingredients and natural products by sunlight (e.g., phenothiazines, arylsulfonamides, or coumarins) has to be considered early on in development in order to avoid serious adverse effects (for example phototoxic or photoallergic reactions). Current clinical trial registration guidelines (FDA May 2003 [1], EMEA Dec. 2002 [2]) recommen...

Development and characterization of an in vivo skin photomicronucleus assay in rats.

For pharmaceuticals, current regulatory guidance for photosafety testing states that studies are warranted for drug candidates that both absorb light in the range of 290-700 nm and that are either applied topically or reach the skin or eyes by systemic exposure. In contrast to standard genotoxicity evaluations, where a positive (or equivocal) result in vitro can be placed into context with addi...

Integrated preclinical photosafety testing strategy for systemically applied pharmaceuticals.

Phototoxic properties of systemically applied pharmaceuticals may be the cause of serious adverse drug reactions. Therefore, a reliable preclinical photosafety assessment strategy, combining in vitro and in vivo approaches in a quantitative manner, is important and has not been described so far. Here, we report the establishment of an optimized modified murine local lymph node assay (LLNA), ada...

Cycloheximide and disulfoton are positive in the photoclastogencity assay but do not absorb UV irradiation: another example of pseudophotoclastogenicity?

There is considerable concern regarding the biological plausibility of the response of certain chemicals in the in vitro photoclastogenicity assay, suggesting that this assay is oversensitive and lacks specificity. To explore this further, four coded compounds (aminotriazole, propantheline bromide, cycloheximide and disulfoton) were evaluated for their potential response in a photoclastogenicit...